Compares elements separated by a large gap and swaps them if out of order, then shrinks the gap by a factor of ~1.3 each pass until it reaches 1, at which point the remaining passes behave identically to Bubble sort.
The large initial gap moves "turtles", small values stranded near the end of the array, to their correct region far more quickly than Bubble sort's adjacent-only swaps, dramatically reducing total work.